The Relationship between Body Mass Index, Pulse Rate and Intraocular Pressure
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60787/tnhj.v24i4.869Keywords:
Body Mass Index (BMI), Pulse Rate, Intraocular Pressure, RelationshipAbstract
Background: Body mass index (BMI), pulse rate, and intraocular pressure (IOP) are key indicators of general well-being. This study investigated the relationship between these parameters of health to determine the effect of body mass index and pulse rate on intraocular pressure.
Method: The research involved 80 participants (44 males and 36 females) at the Nigeria Army Eye Centre in Bonny Camp, Lagos state. Assessments conducted include blood pressure, pulse rate, height, weight, and IOP. Blood pressure was measured with a Sphygmomanometer and a stethoscope to listen for Korotkoff sounds. Pulse rate was recorded by palpating the radial artery. Body weight was measured with a calibrated scale and height was measured using a meter rule attached to a wall. BMI was calculated by dividing the weight in kilograms by the height. IOP was assessed using a Pulsair non-contact tonometer. A One-Way analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to analyze the data, with the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 22.0).
Results: The results showed that IOP was significantly correlated with BMI (p = 0.011) and pulse rate (p = 0.000). However, pulse rate had a higher and more linear correlation with IOP. Multiple linear regression using IOP as dependent variable, and BMI, pulse rate and age as predictors, showed a statistically significant model (p = 0.000) with an R squared value of 51.4%. IOP was also significantly influenced by obesity as the mean IOP increased steadily across the different BMI weights groups: underweight (13.88 mmHg), normal weight (16.13mmHg), overweight (16.25mmHg), obese (17.00mmHg).
Conclusion: IOP increases with increasing BMI and is significantly different between underweight and obese normotensive subjects. Pulse rate has a stronger linear relationship with IOP than BMI and age, hence may be a better predictor of changes in intraocular pressure. It is advised to strictly monitor the intraocular pressure of individuals who are obese and individuals with abnormal pulse rates to prevent occurrences of high IOP.
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