Occupational Differences in Plasma Lipid Profile and Lipid Peroxidation among Automobile Mechanics and Non-Exposed Adults in Southwestern Nigeria
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Abstract
Background: Automobile mechanics are occupationally exposed to petroleum-derived substances, metals and other workplace contaminants that may contribute to alterations in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. This study investigated differences in plasma lipid profile and lipid peroxidation between automobile mechanics and non-exposed adults in Ondo Metropolis, Southwestern Nigeria.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 292 participants comprising 146 automobile mechanics and 146 non-exposed adults. Fasting blood samples were collected for determination of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Data were analysed using independent-samples t-tests, Pearson correlation and multivariable linear regression adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI) and sex.
Results: Mechanics had higher mean TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C and MDA, but lower HDL-C, than non-exposed adults (all p<0.001). Occupational group remained independently associated with TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and MDA after adjustment for age, BMI and sex (all p<0.001). Among mechanics, duration of employment was positively correlated with TC, TG, VLDL-C and MDA, with the strongest association observed for MDA (r=0.572, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Automobile mechanics had a more atherogenic plasma lipid profile and higher lipid peroxidation than non-exposed adults. Improved occupational hygiene, consistent use of personal protective equipment and appropriate health surveillance are recommended.
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