Epidemiology and Pattern of Presentation of Keloids at a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria
Epidemiology and pattern of presentation of keloids
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60787/tnhj.v24i3.875Keywords:
keloid, epidemiology, keloid presentation, auses of keloid, keloid locationsAbstract
Background: Keloid scar is an unpleasant complication of wound healing. It could involve lesions that are cosmetically unpleasant, as well as symptomatic lesions. The common symptoms are pain and pruritus. There is paucity of data on the epidemiology and pattern of presentation in Nigeria. This study assessed the epidemiology and pattern of presentation of keloid scar in a teaching hospital southern Nigeria.
Method: Retrospective review of patients attending plastic surgery clinic between May 2021 and December 2023. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were extracted from the records and analysed.
Result: A total of 37 patients were included, with a median age of 25 years. Most of the patients (54.1%) were females. Majority (64.9%) were single, while a quarter of the patients had family history. Patients were largely from Urhobo (45.9%), Ukwuani (16.2%), and Ika (10.8%) ethnic groups. The median duration of keloid was 24 months. Ear (35.1%), chest (10.8%), suprapubic (10.8%), and jaw/neck (10.8%) were the common locations. Most of them had a single keloid (59.5%). Cosmesis (55.6%) was the commonest reason for presentation. Among those with symptoms, pruritus (38.9%), pain (27.8%) were the common symptoms. Ear piercing (32.4%), trauma (29.7%), and shaving (18.9%) were the leading causes of keloid. Less than half (43.2%) had received treatment prior to presentation, with most (75%) receiving a unimodal treatment.
Conclusion: The most common location of keloid was the ear, with piercing as the commonest cause. Pruritus is the leading symptom of keloid scar.
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