The Effects of Crude Neem Leaf Acetone-Water Extract on Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) in Albino Wistar Rats
Keywords:
Neem leaf extract, coagulation screeningAbstract
Background: Despite the numerous and long-term use of neem leaf as a medicinal plant worldwide, there is scanty literature on its coagulative properties. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of fractionated neem leaf extract on Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT).
Methods: Thirty (3 0) male albino wistar rats weighing 198 250g were allocated to 5 groups (A E) of 6 rats each, with similar average body weight. The test groups (A D) were fed orally by gavage for 4 weeks with graded doses of acetone water fractionated neem leaf extract, while the 5th group (E - control), was given 0.1ml of 2.5% Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) for the same study period. At the end of the 4th week, 2mls of venous blood was collected. PT and APTT were estimated using standard haematological methods.
Results: The results showed a statistically significant increase (P< 0.001) in the weight of the test rats in groups B, C and D, and a statistically significant decrease (P< 0.05) in group (A), when compared with the control group (E). There was also a statistically significant increase (P<0.001) in the PT and APTT mean values of groups (A D) when compared with the control group (E). Analysis of variance of PT and APTT values of the test group with the control group revealed a statistically significant increase (P< 0.001) at the end of the study.
Conclusion: This study has demonstrated a dose-related prolongation in PT and APTT values by fractionated acetone water neem leaf extract.
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