Treatment Adherence and Glycaemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in a Tertiary Facility in Benin City, Nigeria
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Abstract
Background: Treatment adherence is a major determinant of glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes. Non-adherence can lead to poor blood glucose regulation, increasing the risk of complications. Understanding the factors influencing adherence and its impact on glycemic control is essential for designing effective interventions. The study evaluates the impact of treatment adherence on glycemic control and identifies factors associated with adherence among patients with Type 2 diabetes in a tertiary health facility Benin City, Edo state.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional correlation study among 297 patients. A validated structured questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha reliability of 0.78 and 0.81 was used for data collection. Data analyses were done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as chi-square tests, and multiple logistic regression at 5% significant level.
Results: The study found that 150 (50.5%) of patients had good adherence, 114 (38.4%) had moderate adherence, only 32 (10.8%) had poor adherence. Glycemic control was optimal in 153 (51.4%) of patients, while 114 (38.3%) were hyperglycemic and 30 (10.3%) hypoglycemics. There was a significant association between adherence and glycemic control (χ² = 25.6, df = 4, p < 0.001). Barriers to adherence included high medication cost (83.6%), side effects of medication (61.8%), and forgetfulness (42.7%).
Conclusion: Treatment adherence is a critical determinant of glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes. Interventions addressing high-cost medications, side effects, forgetfulness, and enhancing patient education and social support are essential to optimize adherence, improve blood glucose outcomes, and reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications.
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