Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Cervical Cancer Screening among Reproductive Age Group Women in Ekpoma, South-South Nigeria
Cervical Cancer Screening among Reproductive Age Group Women
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60787/tnhj.v24i3.881Keywords:
Screening, Women of reproductive age, Cervical CancerAbstract
Background: Cervical cancer screening is an effective preventive approach to reduce the incidence of women developing cervical cancer. The utilization of Papanicolaou smear and HPV DNA testing has provided doctors with valuable tools for the early detection of women at risk.
Method: This study involved 350 respondents and employed a multi-stage sampling technique. Data was collected using questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data using IBM SPSS version 21.0 software. The Chi-square test was utilized to test for associations, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.
Result: The findings revealed a lack of knowledge regarding cervical cancer and screening. Only 136 (38.9%) of the respondents had heard about cervical cancer, and only 50 (14.3%) were aware of cervical cancer screening. Also, 184 (52.6%) had a positive attitude towards being screened, and 176 (50.3%) believed that they did not require their spouse's consent for screening. Regarding the practice of cervical cancer screening, only 22(6.3%) of the participants had undergone a cervical screening. Furthermore, no statistically significant correlation was found between sociodemographic variables and individuals' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer screening.
Conclusion: This study highlights the poor knowledge regarding cervical cancer and screening among the participants. However, a majority of them expressed willingness to undergo cervical cancer screening and recognized the importance of early detection for better treatment outcomes.
Downloads
References
Zhang S, Xu H, Zhang L, Qiao Y. Cervical cancer: Epidemiology, risk factors and screening. Chinese Journal of Cancer Research [Internet]. 2020;32(6):720–8. https://doi.org/10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2020.06.05
Board SAHA. Cervical cancer and human papillomavirus: South African guidelines for screening and testing. South Afr j Gynecol Oncol. 2010;23:1–8. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC80976
Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet‐Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA a Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 2015;65(2):87–108. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21262
Cancer today. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/populations/566-nigeria-fact-sheets.pdf Accessed 27th February, 2022
Eleje, G. U., Eke, A. C., Igberase, G. O., Igwegbe, A. O., & Eleje, L. I. (2015). Palliative interventions for controlling vaginal bleeding in advanced cervical cancer. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015(5), CD011000 https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011000.pub2 Assessed 23rd February, 2022
Fang F, Wang J, Chen Y, Ma C. Expression of microRNA (miR)-145 and miR-34a in different cervical lesion tissues of Uygur and Han females in Xinjiang, China. International Journal of Clinical & Experimental Medicine. 2016;9(10).: https://e-century.us/files/ijcep/9/10/ijcep0026724.pdf.
De Souza JA, Hunt B, Asirwa FC, Adebamowo C, Lopes G. Global Health Equity: Cancer care outcome Disparities in High-, Middle-, and Low-Income countries. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2015;34(1):6–13. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.62.2860
Obiechina NJ, Mbamara SU. Knowledge attitude and practice of cervical cancer screening among sexually active women in Onitsha, southeast Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Medicine. 2009;18(4). https://www.ajol.info/index.php/njm/article/view/51248/39922
Cheikh A, Majjaoui SE, Ismaili N, Cheikh Z, Bouajaj J, Nejjari C, et al. Evaluation of the cost of cervical cancer at the National Institute of
Oncology, Rabat. Pan African Medical Journal [Internet]. 2016;23(1). https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2016.23.209.7750
WHO. WHO guidiance note: comprehensive cervical cancer prevention and control: a healthier future for girls and women. Switzerland. 2013. Available from: https://www.iccp-portal.org/system/files/resources/WHO_guidance_cervical_cancer_women.pdf Accessed 27th February, 2022
Mbamara SU, Ikpeze OC, Okonkwo JE, Onyiaorah IV, Ukah CO. Knowledge, attitude and practice of cervical cancer screening among women attending gynecology clinics in a tertiary level medical care center in southeastern Nigeria. Journal of Reproductive Medicine. 2011 Nov 1;56(11):491. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/20123069799
Wikipedia contributors. Ekpoma [Internet]. Wikipedia. 2022. Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekpoma Accessed 20th May, 2022
Cochran formula on statistics and probability Available from: https://www.statisticshowto.com/probability-and-statistics/find-sample-size/ Accessed 20th May, 2022
Oche MO, Kaoje AU, G G, Ango JT. Cancer of the cervix and cervical screening: Current knowledge, attitude and practices of female health workers in Sokoto, Nigeria. International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences. 2013;5(4):184–90. https://academicjournals.org/journal/IJMMS/article-abstract/509966A100
Okunowo AA, Daramola ES, Soibi-Harry AP, Ezenwankwo FC, Kuku JO, Okunade KS, et al. Women’s knowledge of cervical cancer and uptake of Pap smear testing and the factors influencing it in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Journal of Cancer Research and Practice. 2018;5(3):105–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrpr.2018.02.001
Abiodun OA, Fatungase OK, Olu-Abiodun OO, Idowu-Ajiboye BA, Awosile JO. An assessment of women’s awareness and knowledge about cervical cancer and screening and the barriers to cervical screening in Ogun State, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences. 2013;10(3):52-8. https://www.academia.edu/download/41686806/An_assessment_of_womens_awareness_and_kn20160128-25008-1mbl4ow.pdf
Getachew S, Getachew E, Gizaw M, Ayele W, Addissie A, Kantelhardt EJ. Cervical cancer screening knowledge and barriers among women in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(5):e0216522. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216522
Idowu A, Olowookere SA, Fagbemi AT, Ogunlaja OA. Determinants of Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake among Women in Ilorin, North Central Nigeria: A Community-Based Study. Journal of Cancer Epidemiology 2016; 2016:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6469240
Ahmed S, Ahmed R, Idris S, Sabitu K. Knowledge, attitude and practice of cervical cancer screening among market women in Zaria, Nigeria. Nigerian Medical Journal. 2013;54(5):316. https://doi.org/10.4103/0300-1652.122337
Tapera R, Manyala E, Erick P, Maswabi TM, Tumoyagae T, Letsholo B, et al. Knowledge and Attitudes towards Cervical Cancer Screening amongst University of Botswana Female Students. PubMed. 2017;18(9):2445–50. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28952274
Shekhar S, Sharma C, Thakur S, Raina N. Cervical Cancer Screening: Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among Nursing Staff in a Tertiary Level Teaching Institution of Rural India. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention [Internet]. 2013 Jun 30;14(6):3641–5. https://doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.6.3641
Heena H, Durrani S, AlFayyad I, Riaz M, Tabasim R, Parvez G, et al. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Cervical Cancer and Screening amongst Female Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Oncology. 2019; 2019:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5423130
FM AM, Aseel MT, J AK, MG AK, Ismail MFS. Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding cervical cancer and screening among women visiting primary health care in Qatar. EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2011; 17 (11): 855-861 2011. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/118198
Liu T, Li S, Ratcliffe J, Chen G. Assessing Knowledge and Attitudes towards Cervical Cancer Screening among Rural Women in Eastern China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017;14(9):967. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14090967
Ebu N, Mupepi SSC, Mate-Siakwa P, Sampselle C. Knowledge, practice, and barriers toward cervical cancer screening in Elmina, Southern Ghana. International Journal of Women S Health. 2014; 7:31-39. https://doi.org/10.2147/ijwh.s71797
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Asogun D, Alenoghena I, Egbefere H
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The Journal is owned, published and copyrighted by the Nigerian Medical Association, River state Branch. The copyright of papers published are vested in the journal and the publisher. In line with our open access policy and the Creative Commons Attribution License policy authors are allowed to share their work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.
The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations. While the advice and information in this journal are believed to be true and accurate on the date of its going to press, neither the authors, the editors, nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.
TNHJ also supports open access archiving of articles published in the journal after three months of publication. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g, in institutional repositories or on their website) within the stated period, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access). All requests for permission for open access archiving outside this period should be sent to the editor via email to editor@tnhjph.com.
