Mapping the Network: A Systematic Review of Social and Institutional Factors Influencing Multisectoral Coordination in One Health Outbreak Response
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Abstract
Background: Though good multisectoral coordination over human, animal, and environmental health sectors is still periodic, one health (OH) approaches are crucial in managing outbreaks of zoonotic diseases. Strengthening worldwide health security depends on an awareness of the institutional and social elements affecting this coordination.
Objectives: The systematic review intended to find, map, and synthesize research on the institutional and social elements affecting multisectoral coordination during One Health outbreak responses.
Methodology: Following PRISMA standards, we systematically reviewed literature between January 2020 and January 2026. We searched peer-reviewed (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE) and grey literature sources (WHO, WOAH and FAO repositories as well as Google Scholar). Methodological quality was evaluated and results were thematically synthesized.
Results: From 4,512 records, 28 studies were included spanning different designs and national income levels. The findings revealed four key themes: (1) political will and legal frameworks among Governance and Policy Factors; (2) infrastructure and data systems among Institutional Capacity and Resources; (3) Social Dynamics and Professional Culture with focus on trust and communication; and (4) operational Coordination Mechanisms with interest in shared task forces and standard operating protocols.
Conclusion: A network of interconnected institutional and social factors affects how well One Health is coordinated. Improved governance, appropriate resources, promotion of cooperative professional cultures, and clearly defined operating systems are all required to strengthen preparedness for prospective health threats.
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