A study of haemoglobin concentration on outcome of blood transfusion in maxillofacial surgery patientsin Zaria, Northwest Nigeria
Keywords:
Blood, transfusion, haemoglobin, blood loss, maxillofacial surgeryAbstract
Background Study: Blood transfusion is widely practiced in maxillofacial surgery to correct anaemia, to restore blood volume after a loss and to prevent systemic complications of hypovolaemia. The hemoglobin concentration is one of the factors that determine when blood should be transfused.
Objectives: This study assessed the predictive power of hemoglobin in determining the appropriateness of blood transfusion in maxillofacial surgical patients.
Methodology: We evaluated how hemoglobin concentration determines when blood transfusion was done 100 maxillofacial surgical patients from January, 2005 to April, 2006. Hemoglobin concentration of one hundred patients scheduled for elective maxillofacial surgery was determined during the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative phases.
Results: Out of 100 patients, 75% of the patients had hemoglobin concentration of 10 g/dl and above while the remaining 25% had below 10 g/dl at presentation. The pre-transfusion hemoglobin concentration ranged from 5g/dl to 12 g/dl. The hemoglobin level 24-hr postoperative ranged between 7g/dl and 13.3 g/dl. 20% of the transfusion done was unwarranted
Conclusion: This study had shown that raising the hemoglobin level of the patient with nutritional and iron supplements before surgery, lowering the transfusion trigger and target hemoglobin threshold for blood transfusion has a significant effect on the reduction in the use of allogeneic blood in surgery without compromising patient outcome.
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