Pruritus and its Impacts on Quality of Life of Citizens of Ejigbo Osun State, South West Nigeria: A Cross- Sectional Study
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Abstract
Background: Pruritus is a common yet challenging dermatological symptom that significantly impacts quality of life (QoL). Despite its high prevalence, particularly among the elderly, its true burden remains underexplored in Nigeria. This study investigates the prevalence, etiology, and impact of pruritus on QoL in Ejigbo, Osun State, Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among over 200 adults (≥18 years) in Ejigbo using a semi-structured questionnaire. Participants were recruited through simple random sampling, and clinical assessments, including physical examinations and laboratory tests, were performed. Data were analysed using SPSS 25.
Results: Pruritus was associated with multiple systemic conditions, including iron deficiency anaemia, polycythaemia, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and complicated hypertension. Individuals with pruritus were more likely to be underweight (p = 0.003) and experience breathlessness (p = 0.001). Chronic pruritus (>6 weeks) was the most common presentation, primarily affecting the extremities. It was exacerbated by heat and bathing and relieved by antihistamines. Participants with pruritus reported significant disruptions in sleep, leisure activities, and daily tasks. Notably, impaired renal function (elevated creatinine, p = 0.022; reduced GFR, p = 0.046) was observed in those with pruritus compared to those without.
Conclusion: This study highlights the significant impact of pruritus on QoL and its potential association with systemic diseases. Improved awareness and comprehensive management strategies are necessary to mitigate its burden, particularly among individuals with chronic illnesses.
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