Pattern of ocular disorders in patients with Diabetes Mellitus at an Endocrinology clinic of A tertiary centre in Ibadan, Sub-Saharan Africa.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71637/tnhj.v25i1.1000Keywords:
Diabetic retinopathy, Diabetic macula oedema, Ocular disorders, Patient awareness, Screening, Visual impairmentAbstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus causes various systemic complications including ocular disorders. Diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macula oedema and ocular conditions such as cataract and primary open angle glaucoma may lead to blindness. This study determined the spectrum of ocular disorders associated with diabetes mellitus in patients attending a tertiary hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Method: This is a cross-sectional study of 270 consecutive diabetic patients attending the Endocrinology clinic at the
the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Data analysis was by SPSS version 22.
Result: Two hundred and seventy patients were recruited between January 2018 and December 2022. There were 77
(22.85%) males and 192 (71.7%) females. The age range was 18 to 85 years and mean of 59.5+_ 11.8 years. One hundred and nine (40.4%) had tertiary level education. Two hundred and twenty (81.5%) never had an eye examination; 41 (17.4%) had diabetic retinopathy and 25 (9.3%) had diabetic macula oedema. Uncorrected refractive error was the commonest ocular diagnosis in 79(14.6%) closely followed by visually significant cataract in 75 (13.9%). One hundred and sixty-six (61.5%) patients were unaware of the visually debilitating effect of DM while 50 (18.5%) had undergone ocular screening.
Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy, refractive errors and diabetic macula oedema are the ocular abnormalities with the highest frequency in our clinic population. There is paucity of awareness of ocular complications of diabetes mellitus in our populace and the vast majority had never had ocular screening. Creating awareness and screening for ocular disorders is key in preventing visual impairment.
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