Bridging Diabetes and Dental Care: Undiagnosed Diabetes Risk Among Dental Patients Using FINDRISC Questionnaire in a Tertiary Hospital, Nigeria
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Abstract
Background: Diabetes risk assessment is vital to the prevention of complications arising from diabetes mellitus. Finish diabetes risk score (FINDRISC) is one of the vital instruments for diabetes risk evaluation. The aim of the study was to determine the risk scores and risk factors of diabetes mellitus among participants using FINDRISC and self-designed questionnaires.
Methods: The study was a cross sectional, analytic study in which 239 patients participated after obtaining informed consent. The FINDRISC questionnaires were self- administered to the participants and analysed using SPSS version 25.
Results: The participants included 111 males and 128 females respectively. The average age of participants was 38.3±13.9 years. Majority (70.7%) of participants had low risk score for diabetes. Mild and moderate risk scores were obtained in 22.6% and 3.8% of participants respectively. The average risk score for Type 2 DM using FINDRISC score was 4.9±3.9 with a range of 0.0 to19.0. The predictors of type 2 DM were: age ≥ 38 years, non-involvement in exercise for 30 minutes for a period of 5 days, higher than normal BMI, and central obesity. The self- reported prevalence of diabetes was 3.9%. Among those with family history of diabetes, 4.2%, 4.6% and 2.9% involved the father, mother and siblings respectively. About 54.8% of 221 respondents have never been screened for diabetes
Conclusion: FINDRISC scoring can be used to obtain a 10-year risk of developing diabetes mellitus thus, very effective in counselling participants. Dental clinic can be used as a focal point for DM screening.
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